{"id":48754,"date":"2013-01-23T11:02:22","date_gmt":"2013-01-23T04:02:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dichthuatso1.com\/thuc-trang-cua-nghe-dich-thuat\/"},"modified":"2025-06-27T17:20:16","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T10:20:16","slug":"thuc-trang-cua-nghe-dich-thuat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dichthuatso1.com\/en\/thuc-trang-cua-nghe-dich-thuat\/","title":{"rendered":"The Reality of the Translation Profession"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt<\/p>\n

1. Ra t\u0103ng nhu c\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u1edf c\u1eeda, nhu c\u1ea7u giao l\u01b0u quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee9\u00a0v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, tin t\u1ee9c…c\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kinh t\u1ebf<\/span>, v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf…cho t\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed hay c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m <\/span>\u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft minh ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t…s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t gia t\u0103ng. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nhu c\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt<\/p>\n

V\u1eady th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ra sao? Theo hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean\/bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u. Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 l\u1eebng danh, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Nga, Ph\u00e1p, Anh, \u0110\u1ee9c, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v.v. nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec3u, Th\u00e1i B\u00e1 T\u00e2n, Thu\u00fd To\u00e0n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfm tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n tay, \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1 cao tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u1ed1n d\u0129 kh\u00e1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 nhanh nh\u1ea1y. Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch h\u01a1n l\u00e0 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, nh\u01b0ng \u0111a ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao, V\u1ee5 H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00ean c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian tham gia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 ba nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 n\u00ean c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tham gia phi\u00ean\/bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch. Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n nay do th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 g\u1ed3m sinh vi\u00ean ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef m\u1edbi ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m. C\u00f2n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. C\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1eadt l\u00e0 to l\u1edbn, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra th\u1eadt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. D\u1ea7u v\u1eady, nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt, c\u1ea3 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch (d\u1ecbch n\u00f3i) v\u00e0 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch (d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft) \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 mang t\u00ednh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. B\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee9u phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ti Proctor and Gambles l\u00e0 “ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kinh doanh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1c”, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1eef Gambles \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u00f4ng ti ch\u1eb3ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi c\u1edd b\u1ea1c c\u1ea3. L\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 t\u00ean Java \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh “ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y \u1edf Java” (Indonesia). L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, trong khi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee9c x\u00fac, phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam c\u1ea3 t\u1eeb bloody v\u00e0o l\u1eddi d\u1ecbch, m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c k\u00ec b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 trong m\u1ed9t khung c\u1ea3nh trang tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1eed to\u1ea1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u1ed3 l\u00ean v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec3u m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i g\u00ec m\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t, nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1eddi tho\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u2018b\u00f3p m\u00e9o\u2019, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u2018ch\u1ec9nh\u2019 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i 180 \u0111\u1ed9. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, We can\u2019t get through (trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng xong r\u1ed3i) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xuy\u00ean qua; We can\u2019t come to terms (Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t)\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00ec h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o. R\u00f5 r\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi Pond v\u00e0 \u00d4m\u00f4, Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi Hemingway. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u c\u00e2u Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i th\u1ee9 hai tham gia ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecb Thanh Thu\u1ef7. Theo suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac “l\u1ea1 l\u1eabm, ngo\u1ea1i lai” n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 do ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u qua ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng MC trong nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u01b0a th\u00edch, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a VTV3(1). Do v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u00e1o in, b\u00e1o n\u00f3i, b\u00e1o h\u00ecnh n\u00f3i ri\u00eang c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ef1c k\u00ec c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p cao.<\/p>\n

3. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean l\u00e0 do \u0111\u00e2u? Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c: ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, v\u0103n ho\u00e1, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng hay ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n (general or background knowledge) v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng phong ph\u00fa, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 ng\u1eef d\u1ee5ng. Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c v\u0103n ho\u00e1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, th\u00f3i quen, phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a hai c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00fang, tri th\u1ee9c v\u0103n ho\u00e1 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tri th\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch khoa v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef, c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t ri\u00eang, phong c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ed \u00edt l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, d\u1eabu r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u00e2u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. Ti\u1ebfc thay, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh t\u1edbi nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean l\u1eabn h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 \u0110inh V\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec1u Ch\u00e2u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh “\u2026 Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh. Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef khi d\u1ea1y chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ecm l\u1ed1i. T\u00ednh du k\u00edch v\u00e0 phi chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.”(2)<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt; nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n gi\u1ecfi th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 hai ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u1edf m\u1ee9c thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c th\u1eadt qu\u00e1 \u00edt \u1ecfi. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 embedded systems \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia tin h\u1ecdc d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang, environmentally friendly technology \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00e2n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn kh\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5p, song n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t trong s\u00e1ng, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n. Song ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 tin h\u1ecdc hay m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu k\u0129 n\u0103ng. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e0o luy\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ghi nh\u1edb th\u00f4ng tin, t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i m\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t, k\u0129 n\u0103ng di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (public speaking), v.v. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i n\u1eefa l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng phi\u00ean\/bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean\/bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p cao. \u0110a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn quan ni\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec5 ai th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m phi\u00ean\/bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai bi\u1ebft ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean\/bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch. Nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn, c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111i h\u1ecdc \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u1ec1, song khi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean\/bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u1eabn g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, l\u00fang t\u00fang hay n\u00f3i n\u00f4m na l\u00e0 \u2018d\u1ecbch g\u1eaby\u2019. Ngay c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n d\u1ecbch \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng\/khoa ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch t\u1ed1t. Ngh\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n d\u1ecbch n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, ngh\u1ec1 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn nhau r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

4. NHU C\u1ea6U \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O V\u00c0 CHU\u1ea8N HO\u00c1<\/p>\n

Qua nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c phi\u00ean\/bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1. \u0110\u00e3 g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21, th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf tri th\u1ee9c, c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 ISO, GMP m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, y d\u01b0\u1ee3c, v.v. ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n nay. Ngh\u1ec1 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 v\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 n\u1eefa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi\/c\u01a1 quan s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng phi\u00ean\/bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\/cung c\u1ea5p l\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f2n coi nh\u1eb9 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m “mi\u1ec5n c\u1ee9 c\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”, b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn t\u1ed1t x\u1ea5u, th\u00ec c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m\/d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 k\u00e9m, g\u00e2y t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 sau. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a bi\u00ean\/phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u2018nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0\u2019 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60, 70 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 theo ki\u1ec3u \u2018t\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n t\u1ef1 ti\u00eau\u2019, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n mong mu\u1ed1n cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 (i) chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ngh\u1ec1 bi\u00ean\/phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, qua \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p; v\u00e0 (ii) ng\u01b0\u1eddi\/c\u01a1 quan s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u00ean\/phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef & \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/div><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt 1. Ra t\u0103ng nhu c\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u1edf c\u1eeda, nhu c\u1ea7u giao l\u01b0u quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee9\u00a0v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, tin t\u1ee9c…c\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u. T\u1eeb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3258],"tags":[3311,3312,3315],"class_list":["post-48754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tin-tuc-dich-thuat","tag-dich-thuat","tag-ngon-ngu","tag-phien-dich"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTh\u1ef1c Tr\u1ea1ng V\u00e0 Th\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c C\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ec1 D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Hi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt 1. 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